This subject, which Darwin also dealt with in the 19th century, can be called "development in living things". Living creatures that are strong and suitable for natural living conditions can survive in the life war that is constantly present in nature. Natural selection, which is valid for all species, assumes that living creatures differ in the struggle for survival without any change in their genetic makeup. For example; In the herd of deer fleeing from a cheetah, the fastest running will survive. Considering this example, natural selection eliminates the weak during the struggle for survival and replaces more powerful creatures. Based on the same example, deer escaping from the cheetah become creatures that run faster over time and are more suitable for the conditions of their environment. There is no change in the genetics of this species, but it becomes suitable for natural life conditions and is selected.
Darwin said, "Natural selection cannot do anything unless useful changes occur." He accepted this situation using his expressions. There is no evolution in natural selection. It purifies the species from them by choosing only the weak within the species.
How Valid Is Natural Selection?
Looking at the definition of the term, it does not coincide with the behavior of some species. There are also sacrifices that vary from species to species in the struggle for survival in nature. For example; Like soldier ants at the entrance of an attacked colony of ants, destroying themselves and thus preventing the invasion.
The “absolute struggle for survival”, which is a definition accepted in natural selection, becomes invalid against these behaviors of species. As a result of many studies conducted since Darwin's day, no evidence has been obtained that natural selection causes evolution. In his book "The Origin of Species", Darwin discussed the claim that natural selection perfected living beings. As a result, there are findings that natural selection contradicts itself. For example; Due to natural conditions, honey bees can fill all combs with a small amount of wax. When looked, natural selection improved the bee's abilities. The contradiction here is based on the question of why wasps survive even if they are not as skilled as honey bees. Darwin was unable to provide a clear explanation for this matter. If the validity of natural selection is accepted, questions based on the fact that more primitive assumed species should not exist today put evolutionists in contradiction.
In the light of all these contradictions, evolutionists introduced the concept of "mutation" due to the inadequate term of natural selection. Mutation is the change of a living creature to suit the environment. However, the creature is still the same. Muscular and stronger horses can be produced with the mutation method, but the horse is a living creature belonging to its own kind. Animal Scientist Edward S. Deevy has a limit on mutation, for example; He stated that they would not be able to attach wings to pigs or lay eggs in different ways. As it is understood from here, the mutation does not affect the center in any way and a radical change in genetics has been observed. In any genetic mutation study performed to date, no radical change has been made on the species.
All mutation studies and natural selection concept do not affect the types. The change in the genetic structure of the species depends entirely on the chance factor, according to some evolutionists. In this way, cellular change can be achieved and different types of living things may emerge in future generations. For example; As a result of all mutation studies on fruit fly, fruit fly was obtained again. Live differentiated, but no radical genetic change has been achieved. Mechanical forces have no influence on the existence of living things and their biological structures. It is planned completely, just as the universe exists. Many evolutionists have accepted these thoughts and observed that all the arrangements in the ecosystem are beneficial for nature.
